The changing legislative landscape for fluorinated refrigerants is underpinning the market trends for natural refrigerants in various sectors globally.

This paper will outline the main market, technology and policy trends for the evolution and current state of CO₂-based systems primarily in commercial and industrial refrigeration. It will analyse the key factors underlying these trends, and review the main barriers that continue to prevent wider uptake.

Indicatively for commercial refrigeration, CO₂ transcritical is quickly becoming the mainstream technology for new stores, with close to 18,000 stores using this technology globally today.

This paper will present the latest data and case studies collected by sheccoBase on the current use and potential of CO₂ primarily in refrigeration applications. It will compare the evolution in Europe, North America and Asia/Pacific and highlight key developments and challenges for CO₂ in other heating and cooling sectors.